Pouco conhecido Fatos sobre estoicismo na prática.

Meditating on your mortality is only depressing if you miss the point. The Stoics find this thought invigorating and humbling. It is not surprising that one of Seneca’s biographies is titled

.. I can neither be harmed by any of them, for no man will involve me in wrong, nor can I be angry with my kinsman or hate him; for we have come into the world to work together...

This went against pretty conclusive anatomical evidence that was already available in the Hellenistic period, and earned the Stoics the scorn of Galen (for example, Tieleman 2002), though later Stoics did update their beliefs on the matter.

Los estoicos se caracterizaban por su materialismo, su teodicea y por su rechazo por las pasiones y deseos.

: imperturbability, literally “without trouble,” sometimes translated as “tranquillity”; a state of mind that is a constituent of the eudaimôn

Good stuff Ryan. I also liked how Epictetus had a saying “pot and stone don’t belong together.” By that he meant that something weak should not be placed against something stronger than itself, or it will break. Similarly, Seneca says hunger and thirst should be avoided because “weary men are quarrelsome.” So there’s a balance needed between testing your strength and weaknesses and also practicing self-compassion. Stoicism is often remembered only for it’s toughness and strengthening your mind and body through austere measures but it’s forgotten how they also taught the importance of knowing your own weaknesses and supporting them.

Learn from Alexander’s mistake. Be humble and honest and aware. That is something you can have every single day of your life. You’ll never have to fear someone taking it from you or, worse still, it taking over you.

The Stoics propounded that knowledge can be attained through the use of reason. Truth can be distinguished from fallacy—even if, in practice, only an approximation can be made.

This he can get only by practice”. Likewise he expressed the necessity of action advocated by the Stoics when he famously remarked,

En cierto punto estoy do acuerdo con él, pero pienso de que en ciertas circunstancias hay de que mostrar nuestro punto do vista aunque contradiga las opiniones do los demás, y no digo de que no haya que ser tolerante sino que en ocasiones en las que se cree la mentira hay que saber manifestarse en contra por esa idea. Esto es lo que pienso según mi parecer, pero prácticamente en el resto de cosas que pretende enseñar estoy de acuerdo, y creo que todos deberían aplicarlas en mayor o menor medida en muchos momentos de su vida.

After all, it is Seneca who urged us to tell ourselves “You may not wake up tomorrow,” when going to bed and “You may not sleep again,” when waking up as reminders of our mortality. Or as another Stoic, Epictetus, urged his students: “Keep death and exile before your eyes each day, along with everything that seems terrible— by doing so, you’ll never have a base thought nor will you have excessive desire.

Meanwhile, Montaigne, the politician and essayist, had a line from Epictetus carved into the beam above the study in which he spent most of his time.

[2] For he further insists—rightly—that we must not respect or approve anything that does not share in the nature of what is good.” “The shell” here is the body, a reference to the Epicureans’ insistence on pleasure and the absence of pain as what leads to ataraxia

Cosmic conflagrations, for the Stoics, repeat themselves in exact manner, apparently because God/Nature laid out things in the best possible way the previous time around, and there is therefore no reason to change (though one would get the same outcome from an entirely deterministic causal model of the universe). It is interesting to muse about the fact that some modern cosmological models also predict either identical or varied recurring universes (Ungerer and Smolin fonte usada 2014), but of course do away with the concept of Providence altogether.

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